Measurement Units

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Measurements Units

Measurement shows dimensions, quality of any object or thing. Units helps us to identify measurements. The word "measurement" comes from the Greek word "metron", which means "limited proportion." Measurement is a technique in which properties of an object are determined by comparing them to a standard. Measurements require tools and provide scientists with a quantity. A quantity describes how much of something there is or how many there are.

 The significance of measurement units is: 

1.     It helps to quantify any measurement 

2.     It provides accuracy in measurement 

3.     It helps in conversion of one unit to another.

4.     It helps in understanding any measurement globally. 

5.     Measurements can be processed such as adding, multiplying by converting them to the same units. so, it helps in processing and making it more understandable.

 

Standardization of Units

There are two different systems of measurement that have been widely standardized.

The metric system: 

In 1960, the metric system was revised, simplified, and renamed the System International (International System of Units) or SI system (meters, kilograms, etc.). This system is the standard form of measurement in almost every country around the world. The SI system is, however, the standard system used by scientists worldwide. It was started from France.the kilogram, meter, second are the fundamental base units upon which the metric system is build

Conversion of units

10 mm = 1 cm

10 cm = 1 dm

100 cm = 1 m  = 1000 mm

1000 m = 1 km

 

 

 

 

Quantity

symbol

Unit

Symbol

Length

L

Meter

m

Mass

m

Kilogram

Kg

Time

t

Second

S

Current

I

Ampere

A

Temperature

T

Kelvin

K

Amount of substance

n

Mole

mol

Luminous

Iv

candela

cd

 

 

 

Derived Quantity

Symbol

Unit / Symbol

Area

A

Sq.m     (m²)

Volume

V

Cubic meter    (m³)

Speed, velocity

v

m/s

Acceleration

a

m/s²

Pressure, Stress

Pa

Pascal    (N/m²)

Force, Weight

F, W

Newton   (N)    (Kg *m /s)

Mass density

P

Kg/ m³

Surface density

PA

Kg/ m²

Specific volume

v

m³/kg

Concentration

c

Mol/ m³

Luminance

Lv

Cd/ m²

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The SI, or metric, system is based on the principle that all quantities of a measured property have the same units, allowing scientists to easily convert large and small numbers. To work with such large or small numbers, scientists use metric prefixes.

 


 

The imperial system: 

The Imperial System is also called The British Imperial because it came from the British Empire that ruled many parts of the world from the 16th to the 19th century. After the US gained independence from Britain, the new American government decided to keep this type of measurement, even though the metric system was gaining in popularity at the time. It is also called as FPS System.In this system mass, length and time are measured in pound, foot and second respectively.

Conversion of units

12 line / 8 line  =  1 inch

12 inch = 1 foot

3 feet = 1 yard

5.5 yard = 1 rod / pole / perch

4 pole = 1 chain

1 chain = 22 yard / 66’

10 chain = 1 furlong

1 furlong = 220 yards / 660’

 8 furlong = 1 mile

1 mile =1760 yard/5280’/63360”

100 links = 1 chain

6 feet = 1 fathom

120 fathom = 1 cable / 720’

6080 feet = 1 nautical mile

2 mile = 1 kosh

4 kosh = 1 yojan

 

   There are generally three types of measurement :

1.    Distance or Linear measurement.

2.    Angular measurement

3.    Area or Volume measurement


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